Everything about Dukes Of Newcastle totally explained
Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne is a title which has been created three times in British history while the title of
Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne has been created once. The title was created for the first time in the
Peerage of England in 1664 when
William Cavendish, 1st Marquess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne was made
Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne. He was a prominent Royalist commander in the
Civil War. He had already been created
Viscount Mansfield in 1620,
Baron Cavendish of Bolsover and
Earl of Newcastle-upon-Tyne in 1621 and
Marquess of Newcastle-upon-Tyne in 1643, and was made
Earl of Ogle at the same time as he was given the dukedom. These titles were also in the Peerage of England.
Cavendish was the son of Sir Charles Cavendish, third son of
Sir William Cavendish and his wife
Bess of Hardwick.
William Cavendish, 1st Earl of Devonshire, was his uncle (see the
Duke of Devonshire for further history of this branch of the family). Sir Charles Cavendish married as his second wife Catherine Ogle, 8th Baroness Ogle, daughter of Cuthbert Ogle, 7th Baron Ogle. In 1629 their son William Cavendish (then Earl of Newcastle-upon-Tyne) succeeded as ninth
Baron Ogle. He was succeeded by his son, the second Duke. He was also a politician. His only son and heir apparent Henry Cavendish, Earl of Ogle, predeceased him. On the Duke's death in 1691 all the titles became extinct, except the barony of Ogle which fell into abeyance between his four daughters (one of whom was
Lady Elizabeth Cavendish).
Another daughter, Lady Margaret Cavendish, married
John Holles, 4th Earl of Clare. In 1694 the dukedom was revived when he was created
Marquess of Clare and
Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne in the Peerage of England. The Holles family descended from
John Holles, 1st Baron Houghton. He was created
Baron Houghton, of Houghton in the County of Nottingham, in 1616, and was made
Earl of Clare in 1624. His second son was the politician
Denzil Holles, 1st Baron Holles. Lord Clare was succeeded by his eldest son, the second Earl. He represented
East Retford in the
House of Commons and served as
Lord Lieutenant of Nottinghamshire. His son, the third Earl, was briefly
Member of Parliament for
Nottinghamshire in 1660. He was succeeded by his son, the aforementioned fourth Earl, who was elevated to a dukedom in 1694. The Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne had one daughter but no sons and on his death in 1711 all his titles became extinct.
The Duke's sister, Lady Grace Holles (d. 1700), married
Thomas Holles, 2nd Baron Pelham (see the
Earl of Chichester for earlier history of the Pelham family). On his uncle's death in 1711 he succeeded to the substantial Holles estates and assumed by Royal license the additional surname of Pelham. In 1714 the earldom of Clare was revived when he was created
Viscount Houghton, in the County of Nottingham, and
Earl of Clare, with remainder to his younger brother
Henry Pelham, and the following year the dukedom was also revived when he was made
Marquess of Clare and
Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, with similar remainder to his younger brother Henry. These titles were in the
Peerage of Great Britain.
In 1756 (when Henry Pelham had died without male issue and it was apparent that the Duke was to have no children of his own) the Duke was also made
Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne, in the County of Stafford, with remainder to his nephew
Henry Clinton, 9th Earl of Lincoln. On the Duke's death in 1768 he was succeeded in the dukedom of Newcastle-under-Lyne according to the special remainder by his nephew, the second Duke (for further history of this title see the
Earl of Lincoln). All his other titles became extinct except for the Pelham Baronetcy of Laughton and the barony of Pelham of Stanmer, which were passed on to his first cousin once removed,
Thomas Pelham (for further history of these titles, see the
Earl of Chichester).
The title of the 1756 dukedom was "of Newcastle-under-Lyne" and not "
Newcastle-under-Lyme", the usual spelling of the
Staffordshire town it refers to.
Extensive personal and estate papers of the Dukes of Newcastle are held in the Portland (Welbeck) and Newcastle (Clumber) collections at the department of
Manuscripts and Special Collections, The University of Nottingham.
Dukes of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, First creation (1665)
Earls of Clare (1624)
John Holles, 1st Earl of Clare (1564–1637)
John Holles, 2nd Earl of Clare (1595–1666)
Gilbert Holles, 3rd Earl of Clare (1633–1689)
John Holles, 4th Earl of Clare (1662–1711) (created Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne in 1694)
Dukes of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Second Creation (1694)
John Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1662–1711)
Dukes of Newcastle-upon-Tyne, Third Creation (1715)
Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne (1693–1768)
Dukes of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1757)
Thomas Pelham-Holles, 1st Duke of Newcastle-upon-Tyne and 1st Duke of Newcastle-under-Lyne (1693–1768)
see the Earl of Lincoln for further holders of this dukedomFurther Information
Get more info on 'Dukes Of Newcastle'.
|
External Link Exchanges
Do you know how hard it is to get a link from a large encyclopaedia? Well we're different and will prove it. To get a link from us just add the following HTML to your site on a relevant page:
<a href="http://duke_of_newcastle.totallyexplained.com">Duke of Newcastle Totally Explained</a>
Then simply click through this link from your web page. Our crawlers will verify your link, extract the title of your web page and instantly add a link back to it. If you like you can remove the words Totally Explained and embed the link in article text.
As long as your link remains in place, we'll keep our link to you right here. Please play fair - our crawlers are watching. Your site must be closely related to this one's topic. Any kind of spamming, dubious practises or removing the link will result in your link from us being dropped and, potentially, your whole site being banned. |
